During pregnancy, your body changed a lot. It worked really hard to keep your baby safe and healthy. Now that your baby is here, your body is changing again. Some of these changes are physical, such as your breasts getting full of milk. Other changes are emotional, such as feeling extra stress. Here's what you can expect.
What is perineum soreness?
The perineum is the area between your vagina and rectum. It stretches during labor and vaginal birth, and it may even tear. It often is sore after you give birth. You may be even more sore if you had an episiotomy (a cut made at the opening of the vagina to help the baby out).
What you can do
- Do Kegel exercises. These strengthen the muscles in the pelvic area, which helps the perineum heal. To do them, squeeze the muscles that you use to stop yourself from passing urine. Hold the muscles tight for 10 seconds and then release.
- Put a cold pack on your perineum. Use ice wrapped in a towel. Or you can buy cold packs that you freeze in your freezer.
- Sit on a pillow.
- Soak in a warm bath.
- Wipe from front to back after going to the bathroom. This can help prevent infection as your episiotomy heals.
- Ask your provider about medicine to help ease the pain.
What are afterbirth pains?
These are cramps that you feel as your uterus shrinks back to its regular size. Right after you give birth, your uterus is round and hard and weighs about 2 ½ pounds. By about 6 weeks after birth, it weighs only 2 ounces. The cramps should go away in a few days.
What you can do
Ask your provider about over-the-counter medicine you can take for pain.
What body changes can happen after a cesarean section?
A cesarean sectio¬n (c-section) is major surgery, so it may take a while for you to recover. You may be really tired for the first few days or weeks after a c-section. This is because you lost blood during the surgery. Also, your incision (the cut on your belly) may be sore.
What you can do
- Ask your provider for pain medicine. Check with him before you take any over-the-counter medicine for pain.
- Ask your partner, family and friends for help with the baby and around the house.
What is vaginal discharge?
This is bodily fluid that comes out of your vagina. It is also called lochia. Vaginal discharge may increase during and after pregnancy. After your baby is born, your body gets rid of the blood and tissue that was inside of the uterus. For the first few days, it's heavy, bright red and may contain some blood clots. Over time, the flow gets less and lighter in color. You may have discharge for a few weeks, or even for a month or more.
What you can do
Use sanitary pads until the vaginal discharge goes away.
What is breast engorgement?
This is when you breasts swell as they fill with milk. It can be painful. Once you start breastfeeding, it should go away. If you're not breastfeeding, it may last until your breasts stop making milk.
What you can do
- Take a warm shower or lay warm towels on your breasts.
- Tell your provider if your breasts stay engorged and are painful.
- If you're not planning to breastfeed, wear a supportive bra (like a sports bra).
What is nipple pain?
If you are breastfeeding, you may have pain in the area in and around your nipples during the first few days, especially if your nipples crack.
What you can do
- Use a special cream on the nipples. Ask your provider what kind to use.
- Let your breasts air dry.
What is swelling?
Lots of women have swelling in their hands, feet and face during pregnancy. It is caused by extra fluids in your body that helped you get ready for labor and birth. It may take time for the swelling to go away after you have your baby.
What you can do
- Lie on your left side or put your feet up.
- Try to stay cool and wear loose clothes.
What are hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are painful, swollen veins in and around the anus. Lots of women get them during pregnancy. They may get worse after giving birth.
What you can do
- Soak in a warm bath.
- Use an over-the-counter spray or cream to help relieve pain. Ask your provider which ones are OK to use.
- Eat foods that are high in fiber, such as fruits, vegetables and whole-grain breads and cereals.
- Drink lots of water.
- Try not to strain when you're having a bowel movement.
What is constipation?
This is when you have painful gas or trouble having a bowel movement. It may happen after you give birth.
What you can do
- Eat foods that are high in fiber.
- Drink lots of water.
- Ask your provider about medicine to take.
What urinary problems can happen after giving birth?
You may feel pain or burning when you urinate. Or you may try to urinate but find that you can't. Sometimes you may not be able to stop urinating. This is called incontinence.
What you can do for pain, burning or if you have trouble urinating
- Drink lots of water.
- Run water in the sink when you go to the bathroom.
- Soak in a warm bath.
- If the pain continues, tell your provider.
What you can do for incontinence
Do Kegel exercises to strengthen your pelvic muscles.
Why may you sweat after giving birth?
This happens a lot to new moms, especially at night. It's caused by all the hormones in your body after pregnancy.
What you can do
- Sleep on a towel to help keep your sheets and pillow dry.
- Don't use too many blankets or wear warm clothes to bed.
Why may you feel tired after giving birth?
You may have lost blood during labor and birth. This can make your body tired. And your baby probably doesn't let you sleep all night.
What you can do
- Sleep when your baby sleeps, even when he naps during the day.
- Eat healthy foods, like fruits, vegetables, whole-grain breads and pasta, and lean meat and chicken. Limit sweets and foods with a lot of fat.
- Ask your partner, family and friends for help with the baby and around the house.
When do you get your period again?
If you are not breastfeeding, your period may start again in 6 to 8 weeks after giving birth. If you are breastfeeding, you may not start again for months. Some women don't have a period again until they stop breastfeeding. Be careful – if you have sex, you can get pregnant even before your period starts again, breastfeeding or not.
Can you lose weight after giving birth?
Now's a great time to get to a healthy weight, no matter how much you weighed before you got pregnant. You feel better and are less likely to have health conditions, like diabetes and high blood pressure, if you're at a healthy weight. And just in case you get pregnant again, or if you plan to have another baby sometime in the future, it's best to be at a healthy weight before your next pregnancy.
What you can do
- Talk to your provider about your healthy weight. If you were overweight before pregnancy, you may want to lose more weight than you gained during pregnancy.
- Eat healthy foods. Limit sweets and foods with a lot of fat.
- Drink lots of water.
- Do something active every day. Walking and swimming are great activities for new moms.
- Breastfeed your baby. Breastfeeding helps you burn calories. This can help you lose the weight you gained during pregnancy faster than if you weren't breastfeeding.
- Don't feel badly if you don't lose the weight as quickly as you'd like. It takes some for your body (and your belly) to get back into shape.
What skin changes can happen after giving birth?
You may have stretch marks on your belly, thighs, breasts and bottom where your skin stretched during pregnancy.
What you can do
Use creams or lotions on your skin.
What hair changes can happen after giving birth?
Your hair may have seemed thicker and fuller during pregnancy. After your baby is born, your hair may thin out. You may even lose hair. Hair loss usually stops about 3 to 4 months after your baby's birth.
What you can do
- Eat lots of fruits and vegetables. These may help protect your hair and help it grow.
- Be gentle with your hair. Don't wear tight ponytails, braids or rollers. These can pull and stress your hair.
- Use the cool setting on your hair dryer.
When can you get pregnant again?
It's possible that you may ovulate (release an egg) before you get your period again. This means you could get pregnant.
What you can do
Use birth control to help make sure you don't get pregnant again until you're ready. If you're breastfeeding, ask your provider about which birth control to use. Not all kinds of birth control are safe to use when breastfeeding.
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